The first step for the future floor is to generate a concrete base with sufficient thickness to remain firm and stable when passing it. Let's see how to make a concrete subfloor:
Compacting the natural soil: The process can be done with the help of a hand tamper or mechanical vibropison. The latter is an option that gives better results of firmness. The compaction is so important that if it is not done correctly it will not take long for problems on the finished surface (depressions, cracks, etc.)
Placement of levelers: Leveling guides will be placed on the well compacted soil to cut the concrete to make the surface level. The guides may be metal rulers or "strips" of previously smoothed concrete.
Expansion joints: It is convenient to leave expansion joints (1cm telgopor) to allow the movement of concrete. Although it is difficult to imagine the concrete contracts (shrinks) during the drying process, due to the loss of the volume that the water occupies. On the contrary, exposed to the weather, it expands (enlarges) by the action of heat and direct sun. If it is confined against the walls (without dilation), it cannot move and will be prone to generate cracks.
Concrete casting: Spread a layer of stone concrete, between 10 to 12cm thick. With the help of a steel ruler the stone concrete will be "cut" (with horizontal movements) to standardize the level. If the guides are metallic, it is convenient to remove them as soon as possible and fill the hole with the same mixture. In this way we ensure that all concrete sets (hardens) at the same time and thus is more homogeneous. Without so many mysteries; Only what you see in the picture.
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